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Maca has been cultivated in the upper altitudes of the Peruvian Andes for more than 2000 years and is used by the local inhabitants as a food and remedy. Maca is rich in essential micronutrients. Recent studies supporting Maca's beneficial effects on vitality and fertility are listed below:

• Ethnobiology and Ethnopharmacology of Lepidium meyenii (Maca), a Plant from the Peruvian Highlands [Gustavo, 2011]
• The use of maca (Lepidium meyenii) to improve semen quality: A systematic review [Myong et al, 2016]
• Structural Characterization and Antifatigue Effect In Vivo of Maca (Lepidium meyenii Walp) Polysaccharide [Tang et al, 2018]
• Effect of Lepidium meyenii (MACA) on sexual desire and its absent relationship with serum testosterone levels in adult healthy men [Gonzales et al, 2002]
• A double-blind placebo-controlled trial of maca root as treatment for antidepressant-induced sexual dysfunction in women [Dording et al, 2015]
• Beneficial effects of Lepidium meyenii (Maca) on psychological symptoms and measures of sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal women [Brooks et al, 2008]
• Subjective effects of Lepidium meyenii (Maca) extract on well-being and sexual performances in patients with mild erectile dysfunction: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial [Zenico et al, 2009]

OPC are natural compounds found in red wine, grapes, and berries, which have gained attention for its anti-aging and cell protective abilities. The antioxidative capacity of OPC might play a crucial role in cellular repair and longevity. Its potent antioxidant properties help reduce oxidative stress, which is a major contributor to aging. Also it has been shown that OPCs can be promising in daily skin protection and skin therapy.

• Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins: An Updated Review of Their Natural Sources, Synthesis, and Potentials [Nie et al, 2023]

Selenium is a trace mineral that plays a pivotal role in antioxidant defense and immune function. It supports thyroid health and helps reduce oxidative stress, making it essential for maintaining overall health and longevity. Its effects on DNA repair, apoptosis, and the endocrine and immune systems as well as other mechanisms, including its antioxidant properties have been widely studied. As such, selenium contributes to the normal function of the immune system, to the protection of cells from oxidative stress and thyroid function.

Phytonutrients are found in fruits, vegetables, and other plant-based foods, are known for their antioxidant, cell protective and anti-inflammatory properties. These compounds, including flavonoids, carotenoids, quercetin and polyphenols, help protect cells from damage, support immune function, and thus support healthy aging. Incorporating phytonutrients into your diet through supplements and prefereably whole foods can significantly enhance longevity and wellbeing.

• Watzl B, 2012, Influence of phytochemicals on health. In: German Society for Nutrition)

Coenzyme Q10 is a molecule found in mitochondria that has a critical role in producing energy for the body. It also plays an important role in the endogenous antioxidant system.

• Metabolic Targets of Coenzyme Q10 in Mitochondria [Hidalgo-Gutiérrez et al, 2021]
• Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation in Aging and Disease [Hernández-Camacho et al, 2018]
• Coenzyme Q10 [Sood et al, 2024]

Taurine is essential for the human body and is found in various body tissues, particularly in the central nervous system, brain and heart muscle. Taurine also plays a role in promoting cardio-vascular and brain function and cognitive performance. Recent studies supporting taurine's potential benefits are listed below:

• Potential longevity benefits of taurine (6) [Kurtz et al. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2021;18(1):39, Singh et al. Science. 2023, Chen et al. Front Physiol. 2021, Schaffer & Kim. Biomol Ther (Seoul), 2018, Waldron et al. Sports Med. 2018;48(5):1247-53)

Ashwagandha (lat. Withania somnifera) is a plant from the nightshade family that grows mainly in India. It has been used there for more than 2000 years in Ayurvedic naturopathy. In Ayurveda, Withania somnifera is mainly used to treat sleep disorders, anxiety, stress and to support vitality. Recent studies supporting Ashwagandha's beneficial effects on sleep, mood and vitality are listed below:

• Effects of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) on VO2max: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [PubMed]
• Triethylene glycol, an active component of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) leaves, is responsible for sleep induction [PubMed]
• Efficacy and Safety of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) Root Extract in Insomnia and Anxiety: A Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Study [PubMed]
• Adaptogenic and Anxiolytic Effects of Ashwagandha Root Extract in Healthy Adults: A Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Clinical Study [PubMed]

Magnesium can be described as the king of minerals. It is a vital mineral for humans. Magnesium plays a crucial role in your performance and regeneration. Studies also suggest a positive relationship between Magnesium intake and sleep quality.

• Magnesium is important for regeneration and supports normal protein synthesis, the nervous system and energy metabolism [see Health Claims].
• Effectiveness of Magnesium Supplementation on Sleep Quality and Mood for Adults with Poor Sleep Quality: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Crossover Pilot Trial [Breus et al, 2024]
• The effect of magnesium supplementation on primary insomnia in elderly: A double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial [Behnood Abbasi et al, 2012]

Apigenin is one of the most commonly found flavonoids across plants. It is present, in several vegetables, herbs and fruits. Numerous studies across multiple animal models suggest that apigenin has connections with sleep and/or with its underlying neurobiology via the interaction with NAD+ pathways.

• Apigenin: a natural molecule at the intersection of sleep and aging [Kramer and Johnson, 2024]